Abstract: The talk will start by providing an overview of the SURFnet network which is the National Research and Education Network (NREN) in the Netherlands. Besides operating such a network, SURFnet also continuously innovates its network to improve the quality of research and education. This combination of innovation and providing a reliable and robust network connectivity pose special challenges for SURFnet. Furthermore, new trends such as cloud computing and outsourcing of ICT are demanding new service features and agility from the network. The talk will provide an overview of challenges these trends are posing for the network and highlight issues which could be addressed using mathematical models and analysis.